CIDADE SANTUÁRIO: um conceito a ser conhecido e expandido

Celso Machado Júnior; Maxwel Martins da Silva; Marcus Vinicius Moreira Zittei; Roberto Bazanini; Cristiane Jaciara Furlaneto; Ricardo Pereira Trefiglio

doi:10.13037/gr.vol40.e20248831

Authors

Celso Machado Júnior Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS. São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3835-2979
Maxwel Martins da Silva Faculdade de Informática e Administração Paulista - FIAP https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-7356
Marcus Vinicius Moreira Zittei Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU, São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6941
Roberto Bazanini Universidade Paulista UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1575-4791
Cristiane Jaciara Furlaneto Universidade Paulista - UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-4160
Ricardo Pereira Trefiglio Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS- São Caetano do Sul - SP - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-2001

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13037/gr.vol40.e20248831

Keywords:

Social control, Local governance. Municipal government. Food security, Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Abstract

As a general rule, when a locality defines itself as a sanctuary, it adopts policies that protect illegal immigrants who reside there. Through a qualitative approach, with the support of the use of documentary research, the present study aims to identify the services offered by the municipalities self-titled as Sanctuary City in the United States. The survey results show that only thirty out of a total of fifty American states have cities that are self-styled sanctuaries. Regarding the services provided in the form of benefits to immigrants by the sanctuary cities and the federal government, they seek to meet basic needs by offering basic food and health services, free public transport and police protection. It is concluded, therefore, that, due to its relevance, the concept of Sanctuary City must be better understood and disseminated as it constitutes an inalienable element of the right to life and dignity of the human person.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Celso Machado Júnior, Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS. São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brasil

PhD in Business Administration from Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and Post-doctorate in Quantitative Methods from the University of São Paulo - USP.

PhD (2021) from the University of São Paulo - USP, Department of Administration (FEA), in the area of Quantitative Methods and Informatics. Doctor (2012) in Administration from Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Master (2005) in Education, Administration and Communication from Universidade São Marcos, graduated in Mechanical Engineering (1988) from Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes. Professor of the Graduate Programs in Administration - PPGA/USCS, and of the Professional Master's Degree in Innovation in Higher Education in Health PPGES/USCS at the Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul USCS. He was professor of the Professional Master's Program in Administration in Corporate Governance at the Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU from January 2013 to August 2019. Editor of Revista Metropolitana de Sustentabilidade RMS from January 2013 to August 2016, Editor of Revista Metropolitana de Governança Corporativa RMGC from January 2018 to August 2019. Reviewer for the following journals: Journal of Cleaner Production, International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, Revista de Administração Contemporânea RAC, Revista Gestão e Regionalidade G&R, Revista Hermes, Revista Ciências Sociais em Perspectiva RCSP and Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation - INOVAE. Worked in academic management, as: coordinator of the blended postgraduate course in Environmental Management ? Eco-management at Universidade Paulista, responsible for implementation (2008 to 2010). He works as a professor in the undergraduate course in Business Administration at the University of São Caetano do Sul, and in the Biological Sciences course at the Universidade Paulista. They have experience in the area of Organizational Management, with an emphasis on Environmental Management, Human Resources, Quality Systems and Knowledge Management. He worked in an industrial organization of the private sector (1983 - 2009) in several management sectors.

Maxwel Martins da Silva, Faculdade de Informática e Administração Paulista - FIAP

Graduated in Electrical-Electronic Engineering from the State University of Campinas (1978), with a course started at ITA in 1972; Post-graduation in Business Administration from FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas; MBA in Marketing from ESPM - Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing. Business Consultant in Business Management, Strategic Planning, Business Strategy and Organizational Restructuring; MBA Professor of the Business Strategy module at BBS - Brazilian Business School in Brazil and Angola; Professor for in-company courses at FDC - Fundação Dom Cabral; Professor of the Strategy Development module at BSP/Laureate, in the Strategic Management MBA. Fellow of OLA - Oxford Leadership Academy, approved for Self-leadership and Strategic Focus courses. Educator at iPL - Institute of Performance and Leadership. Professor of the Strategic Planning and Strategic Marketing Management modules in the MBA in Strategic Business Management at FIAP. Professor of modules on Strategic Planning as a System and Culture and Strategy Execution as a System and Culture at IPOG.

Marcus Vinicius Moreira Zittei, Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

PhD in Accounting Sciences and Administration from the Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.

He holds a degree in Accounting from Centro Universitário FIEO (2000), a Master's in Accounting from Centro Universitário FECAP (2008) and a PhD in Accounting and Administration from Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (2016). He is currently professor and coordinator of the Masters in Corporate Governance at Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, visiting professor at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Member of the Institutional Committee for Scientific Initiation at Centro Universitário FECAP, Basis evaluator at INEP-MEC, expert evaluator at the State of Education of São Paulo, associate - System Dynamics Society, associate - The International Family Enterprise Research Academy, associate - Asociacion Iberoamericana de Control de Gestión, partner - JL Zittei SS Ltda. public health, digital government and sustainability.

Roberto Bazanini, Universidade Paulista UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

PhD in Communication and Semiotics from the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo - PUC/sp.

Graduated in Business Administration from the Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (1982), graduated in Pedagogy - Faculdades Associadas Senador Flaquer (1985), graduated in Philosophy - Faculdades Associadas Ipiranga (1988), master's degree in Social Communication from Universidade Metodista de São Paulo (1993), PhD in Communication and Semiotics from the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (1998) and post-doctorate in Communication and Culture from Universidade Paulista - UNIP (2015). Author of more than ten books and 70 scientific articles related to the interfaces of philosophy with business management and marketing communication, particularly in the social perspective of networks. The last book, this one in e-book format, "Competitive Strategy: Post-truth and fake news in the conflict Globo versus Universal-Record" was published in June 2021. Since 2002 he has been a professor at the Graduate Program in Administration at Universidade Paulista, conducting research related to theories of power and sustainable development in the social perspective of business networks (Indianópolis Campus) and professor of graduation in the Business Administration course (Anchieta Campus). Since 1996, he has also been a professor at the Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS). He currently teaches in the institution's undergraduate courses in Administration, Communication and Engineering. In 2005, the "Bazanini Method of Teaching Philosophy" was recognized internationally at the "Global on Engineering and Technology Education Conference".

Cristiane Jaciara Furlaneto, Universidade Paulista - UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Postdoctoral and PhD in Pharmacy from the University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Graduated in Biology from the University of Mogi das Cruzes (1987), graduated in Pedagogy from the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters Prof. Carlos Pasquale (1993), Master in Pharmacy from the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of USP (1995), Doctorate in Pharmacy from the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of USP (2000) and Post Doctorate from the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of USP and Univesitá deli Studi di Verona ( 2002). She is currently a professor at the Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS) and General Coordinator of the Biological Sciences Course at Universidade Paulista UNIP (on-site and distance learning). She does research in areas related to the environment, public health, health promotion, NBR ISO 14001 standard

Ricardo Pereira Trefiglio, Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS- São Caetano do Sul - SP - Brasil

Especialista em Qualidade e Produtividade pela Universidade de São Paulo - USP. Professor da Escola de Negócios da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS.

Especialista em Qualidade e Produtividade pela Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Mestrando em Administração pela Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS.

Lattes: https://lattes.cnpq.br/6537420381052152

References

AHVENNIEMI, H.; HUOVILA, A., PINTO-SEPPÄ, I.; AIRAKSINEN, M. What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities? Cities, v. 60, p. 234-245, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.09.009

AMERICAN IMMIGRATION COUNCIL. “Sanctuary Cities,” Trust Acts, and Community Policing Explained. 2015. Disponível em: <http://www.immigrationpolicy.org/just-facts/sanctuary-cities-trust-acts-and-community- policing-explained>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

ÁVILA, P. V. S. Ciudades santuario de California: la acción política de los gobiernos locales en la política pública migratoria contemporánea de Estados Unidos. Migración y Desarrollos, 15, n. 29, p. 51–70, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35533/myd.1529.pvsa

BASOK, T. Counter-hegemonic human rights discourses and migrant rights activism in the U.S. and Canada. International Journal of Comparative Sociology. v. 50, n. 2, p. 183-205. 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715208100970

BAUDER, H. Sanctuary Cities: Policies and Practices in International Perspective. International Migration, v. 55, n. 2, p. 174–182, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12308

BAUDER, H.; DARLING, J. Sanctuary cities and urban struggles: Rescaling migration, citizenship, and rights. Sanctuary cities and urban struggles, p. 1-288, 2019.

BENITES, A. J.; SIMOES, A. F. Assessing the urban sustainable development strategy: An application of a smart city services sustainability taxonomy. Ecological Indicators, v. 127, p. 107734, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107734

CENTER FOR IMMIGRATION STUDIES – CIS. 2022. Disponível em: <https://cis.org/Immigration-Topic/Immigrant-Profile-Series>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

CHISHTI, M.; HIPSMAN, F. Sanctuary Cities Come Under Scrutiny, As Does Federal- Local Immigration Relationship. Migration Policy Institute. 2015. Disponível em: <https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/sanctuary-cities-come-under-scrutiny-does-federal- local-immigration-relationship>. Acesso em: 19 out. 2022.

COTTLE, J. Policy Shift, 2018. Disponível em: <https://www.policy-shift.com/single- post/2018/07/26/Sanctuary-Cities-How-local-policies-stand-up-to-immigration-enforcement>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

COWEN, D. Military workfare: the soldier and social citizenship in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442688629

CRESWELL, J. W. Projeto de Pesquisa: Métodos qualitativo, quantitativo e misto. Porto Alegre. Editora: Artmed. 3a Edição. 2010.

CUNNINGHAM, H. God and Caesar at the Rio Grande: sanctuary and the politics of religion. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. 1995

DANDEKAR, A.; GHAI, R. Migration and reverse migration in the age of COVID-19. Economic and Political Weekly, v. 55, n. 19, p. 28-31, 2020.

DARLING, J.; BAUDER, H. Introduction–Sanctuary cities and urban struggles: Rescaling migration, citizenship, and rights. In: Sanctuary cities and urban struggles. Manchester University Press, 2019. p. 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526134929.00006

FLICK, U. Introdução à Pesquisa Qualitativa. 3a edição. Porto Alegre: ARTMED Editora, 2009.

GAUTAM, S.; HENS, L. COVID-19: Impact by and on the environment, health and economy. Environment, Development and Sustainability, v. 22, n. 6, p. 4953-4954, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00818-7

GREENSPAN, I.; WALK, M.; HANDY, F. Immigrant integration through volunteering: The importance of contextual factors. Journal of Social Policy, v. 47, n. 4, p. 803-825, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279418000211

GUIMARÃES, J. L. C. Abordagens Teóricas Sobre Migrações. 2010. Disponível em: <http://www.webartigos.com/artigos/abordagens-teoricas-sobre-migracoes/47805/>. Acesso em: 28 abr. 2022.

GULASEKARAM, P.; SU, R.; VILLAZOR, R. C. Anti-sanctuary and immigration localism. Columbia Law Review, v. 119, n. 3, p. 837-894, 2019.

HASSANI, H.; BENEKI, C.; UNGER, S.; MAZINANI, M. T.; YEGANEGI, M. R. Text mining in big data analytics. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, v. 4, n. 1, p. 1, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc4010001

HAYNES, D. F. Sanctuary City Initiative: Summary of Arguments in Favor. 2017. Disponível em: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315113054_Sanctuary_ Cities_Arguments_in_Fav or>. Acesso em: 05 jun. 2022.

HICKMAN, L.; THAPA, S.; TAY, L.; CAO, M.; SRINIVASAN, P. Text preprocessing for text mining in organizational research: Review and recommendations. Organizational Research Methods, v. 25, n. 1, p. 114-146, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428120971683

HINTJENS, H.; POURI, A. Toward Cities of Safety and Sanctuary. Peace Review, v. 26, n. 2, p. 218–224, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2014.906889

IMMIGRANT LEGAL RESOURCE CENTER - ILRC. Searching for Sanctuary: An Analysis of America’s Counties and their Voluntary Assistance with Deportations, 2016. Disponível em: <https://www.ilrc.org/searching-sanctuary>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

KNORR, A. National Immigration Policies and Subnational Resistance: ‘Sanctuary Cities’ in the USA vs ‘Non-Sanctuary Cities’ in Germany. v. 9, n. 1, p. 82–96, 2018.

KUMAR, S.; KAR, A. K.; ILAVARASAN, P. VIGNESWARA. Applications of text mining in services management: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, v. 1, n. 1, p. 100008, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2021.100008

MACHADO JUNIOR, C.; RIBEIRO, D. M. N. M.; PEREIRA, R. S.; BAZANINI, R. Do Brazilian cities want to become smart or sustainable? Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 199, p. 214-221, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.072

MACHADO JUNIOR, C.; RIBEIRO, D. M. N. M.; VIANA, A. B. N. Public health in times of crisis: An overlooked variable in city management theories? Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 66, p. 102671, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102671

MANCINA, P. The birth of a sanctuary city: A history of governmental sanctuary in San Francisco. In: LIPPERT, R. K.; REHAAG, S. (Ed). Sanctuary practices in international perspectives: Migration, citizenship and social movements. New York: Routledge, 2013. cap 14, p. 205-218.

MARTÍNEZ-SCHULDT, R. D.; MARTÍNEZ, D. E. Sanctuary policies and city-level incidents of violence, 1990 to 2010. Justice Quarterly, v. 36, n. 4, p. 567-593, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2017.1400577

MAZZA, P. Education & Smart Cities: The role of the goals of agenda 2030 for sustainable development of smart cities. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sociology and Humanities. Open Access, v. 6, n. 2, p. 24-31, 2021.

NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STATE LEGISLATURES. Federal Benefit Eligibility for Unauthorized Immigrants. 2014. Disponível em: <http://www.ncsl.org/research /immigration/federal-benefits-to-unauthorized- immigrants.aspx>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

NEW YORK CITY COMPTROLLER - OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, SCOTT M. STRINGER. Immigrant Rights and Services Manual. 2018. Disponível em: <https://comptroller.nyc.gov/wp-content/uploads/documents/Immigrant-Manual-2018- English_fv.pdf>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

O’BRIEN, B. G.; COLLINGWOOD, L.; EL-KHATIB, S. O. The Politics of Refuge: Sanctuary Cities, Crime, and Undocumented Immigration. Urban Affairs Review, v. 55, n. 1, p. 3–40, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087417704974

OLIINYK, O.; BILAN, Y.; MISHCHUK, H.; AKIMOV, O.; VASA, L. The impact of migration of highly skilled workers on the country's competitiveness and economic growth. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, v. 17, n. 3, p. 7-19, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2021.17-3.1

ORGANIZAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL PARA AS MIGRAÇÕES – OIM. Migrants and Refugees. 2022. Disponível em: <https://news.un.org/pt/news/topic/migrants-and-refugees>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

PEW RESEARCH CENTER. Unauthorized immigrant population trends for states, birth countries and regions. 2022 Disponível em: <https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/immigration-migration/>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2022.

QUESADA, J.; ARREOLA, S.; KRAL, A.; KHOURY, S.; ORGANISTA, K. C.; WORBY, P. As good as it gets: Undocumented Latino Day laborers negotiating discrimination in San Francisco and Berkeley, California, USA. City and Society, v. 26, n. 1, p. 29–50, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ciso.12033

RIDGLEY, J. Refuge, refusal, and acts of holy contagion: The city as a sanctuary for soldiers resisting the Vietnam War. ACME, v. 10, n. 2, p. 189–214, 2011.

TRAMONTE, L. Debunking the Myth of "Sanctuary Cities": Community Policing Policies Protect American Communities. Washington DC: Immigration Policy Center. 2011. Disponível em: <https://www.immigrationresearch.org/system/files/Community_ Policing_Policies_Protect_A merican_042611_update.pdf>. Acesso em: 30 mar. 2022.

WALIA, H. Sanctuary City from below: dismantling the colonial city of Vancouver. The Mainlander, 2014. Disponível em: <http://themainlander.com/2014/06/02/sanctuary -city-from- below-dismantling-the-city-of-vancouver/>. Acesso em: 07 abr. 2022.

WONG, T. K. The Effects of Sanctuary Policies on Crime and the Economy. Center for American Progress and National Immigration Law Center Paper. 2017. Disponível em: <https://www.immigrationresearch.org/system/files/SanctuaryJurisdictions.pdf>. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2022.