Use of Cannabis sativa derivatives for the treatment of lymphomas: what is known so far?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13037/2359-4330.8213Keywords:
Anticancer agent, Cannabidiol, Hematologic neoplasmsAbstract
Introduction: Cannabis sativa is a plant of great medicinal interest due to its various constituents with pharmacological properties, the main ones being cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabidiol (Δ9-THC). A number of studies report the potential of phytocannabinoids for various diseases, including cancer, with lymphomas being cancers that mainly affect the body's defense cells. Objectives: To analyze what scientific evidence there is regarding the antitumor potential of phytocannabinoids against lymphomas. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative literature review using articles indexed in the following databases: PubMed, BVS, SciELO, CAPES Periodical and Science Direct, using the English descriptors: “Cannabis”, “cannabidiol”, “lymphoma” and “apoptosis”, and Portuguese: “Cannabis”, “canabidiol”, “linfoma” and “apoptose”, combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR, published until August 2021. Results: Six studies were found, these being carried out in vivo, in vitro, ex vivo, or clinical trial. The most studied phytocannabinoid was CBD and all selected studies addressed only non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. All trials demonstrated the effectiveness of the use of phytocannabinoids in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and the antitumor effect was demonstrated through the induction of apoptosis, cytotoxicity, antiproliferation, and in the clinical trial by redirecting malignant cells to secondary organs. Conclusions: Most of the results obtained come from in vitro or animal research, with a lack of clinical studies being detected; in addition, more studies are needed in relation to the mechanisms involved in the action of phytocannabinoids against lymphomas and other cancers, since they are still little known.
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