The development of vaccines against COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemic

a narrative study

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13037/2359-4330.8286

Keywords:

COVID-19, Coronavírus, Vacinas, Tratamento, Imunização

Abstract

Introduction: In December of 2019 a new disease was discovered in Wuhan (China), and on March 11, 2020, the world has started to see the outbreak of a pandemic that, for many people, should not be feared. However, with the quick dissemination of this, until then, totally unknown virus, the focus of the health entities has turned to research and innovation, aiming for the development of an effective vaccine against COVID-19. Objectives: To present the vaccines in development, in addition to their testing and distribution, during the first year of the pandemic, in order to understand the path traced in the fight against the Coronavirus, and also the increase in the scientific production around this emergency. Materials and Methods: this manuscript is based on research about a narrative mapping on the vaccines for COVID-19 in the period from March 11, 2020, to January 18, 2021. Results: In the first year of the pandemic it was possible to develop more than one vaccine, which began to be marketed on a global scale; In Brazil, the vaccination began on January 18, 2021, having ANVISA approved the emergency use of CoronaVac, AZD1222, and COMIRNATY. Conclusion: given these points, the research about the development, testing, and distribution of the vaccines against COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic is essential to understand the path traced in the fight against this malady.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Amanda Stéfani Balzan de Oliveira, Unochapeco

Estudante de Medicina da Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brasil.

Daniel Andolfatto, unochapecó

Mestre em Ciências da Saúde pela Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó. Especialista em Oncologia pelo Centro Sul Brasileiro de Pesquisa em Pós-Graduação. Conhecimento sobre Gestão de Serviços de Oncologia e de Quimioterapia. Conhecimento sobre Tecnologia em Saúde pelo Hospital Oswaldo Cruz. Experiência profissional com Judicialização de medicamentos Oncológicos. Farmacêutico formado pela Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó. Atuei como professor horista do SENAC no curso de Técnico em Farmácia. Experiência profissional em Farmácia Hospitalar, Comercial e Análises Clínicas e Infecções Hospitalares. Coordena a equipe técnica da Onfinity e cursos de pós-graduação da FACESC.

Lucimare Ferraz, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC

Realizou estudos de Pós-Doutorado na Universidade do Porto - Portugal (2018); doutorado em Saúde Coletiva pela Universidade Federal de São Paulo (2010); mestrado em Saúde Coletiva pela Universidade Luterana do Brasil (2002); Especialização em Saúde do trabalhador (1999) e graduação em Enfermagem pela Universidade do Contestado (1997). Atua como professora adjunta da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina e como professora titular da Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó. Tem experiência na área de Saúde Coletiva, com ênfase nos seguintes temas: cuidados à saúde da mulher e do adolescente; assistência à saúde de populações rurais e tecnologias de cuidado e educativas.

References

Lima CMAO. Informações sobre o novo coronavírus (COVID-19). Radiologia Brasileira 2020;53(2):18–19.

Yang P, Wang X. COVID-19: a new challenge for human beings. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2020;17(5):555–557.

Li G, De Clercq E. Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Drug discovery 2020;19(3):149–150.

Celuppi IC, Lima GS, Rossi E, Wazlawick RS, Dalmarco EM. Uma análise sobre o desenvolvimento de tecnologias digitais em saúde para o enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil e no mundo. Cad. Saúde Pública 2021;37(3).

Baxby D. Edward Jenner’s inquiry; a bicentenary analysis. Vaccine 1999;17(4):301–307.

Pasteur L. The germ theory. The Lancet 1881;13:271–272.

Stern AM, Markel H. The history of vaccines and immunization: Familiar patterns, new challenges - If we could match the enormous scientific strides of the twentieth century with the political and economic investments of the nineteenth, the world’s citizens might be much healthier. Health Affairs 2005;24(3):611–621.

Baarda BI, Sikora AE. Proteomics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: The treasure hunt for countermeasures against an old disease. Frontiers in Microbiology 2015; 6: 1–11.

Rother ET. Revisão sistemática X revisão narrativa. Acta paul. enferm. 2007;20(2).

Sousa LMM, Marques-Vieira CMA, Severino SSP, Pestana HCFC. Revisões da literatura científica: tipos, métodos e aplicações em enfermagem. Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação 2018;1(1):45–55.

Barrett Jr J, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Dold C, Ewer KJ, Folegatti PM, Gilbride C, et al. Phase 1/2 trial of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 with a booster dose induces multifunctional antibody responses. Nature Medicine 2021;27:279–288.

Arora NK, Manoja K. COVID-19 vaccine development and the way forward. Indian J Public Health 2020;64:108-111.

Ferraz LGW, Mendes CDS, Von Der W. Vacinas baseadas em DNA para prevenção da COVID-19: Mecanismo de ação, ensaios clínicos e pedidos de patentes. Brasília: Ministério da saúde, 2020.

Frederiksen LSF, Zhang Y, Foged C, Thakur A. The Long Road Toward COVID-19 Herd Immunity: Vaccine Platform Technologies and Mass Immunization Strategies. Front Immunol 2020;11:1817.

Izda V, Jeffries MA, Sawalha AH. COVID-19: A review of therapeutic strategies and vaccine candidates. Clin Immunol. 2020;222.

Marian AJ. Current state of vaccine development and targeted therapies for COVID-19: impact of basic science discoveries. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2021;50.

Ong E, Wong MU, Huffman A, He Y. COVID-19 Coronavirus Vaccine Design Using Reverse Vaccinology and Machine Learning. Front Immunol 2020;11(1581).

Quental C, Salles Filho S. Ensaios clínicos: capacitação nacional para avaliação de medicamentos e vacinas. Rev. bras. epidemiol. 2006;9(4):408-424.

Organização Mundial da Saúde. The COVID-19 candidate vaccine landscape and tracker [Internet]. OMS; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 22]. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines.

OperaMundi. Mapa da vacinação no mundo: quantas pessoas já foram imunizadas contra covid-19? [Internet]. OperaMundi; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 13]. Disponível em: https://operamundi.uol.com.br/permalink/67957.

G1. Mapa da vacinação contra Covid-19 no Brasil [Internet]. G1; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 13]. Disponível em: https://especiais.g1.globo.com/bemestar/vacina/2021/mapa-brasil-vacina-covid/.

Lee TT, Andreadakis Z, Kumar A, Román RG, Tollefsen S, Saville M, et al. The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020;19(5):305-306.

Zhu F, Guan X, Li y, Huang J, Jiang T, Hou L, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2020;396(10249):479-488.

Chauhan N, Shringika S, Abhinandan G, Mohammas, a, Utkarsh, J. Interpretative immune targets and contemporary position for vaccine development against SARS‐CoV‐2: A systematic review. J Med virol 2020:1-16.

Arnold C. The biggest logistics challenge in history. New Scientist 2020;248(3309):36.

Jeyanathan M, Afkhami S, Smaill F, Miller MS, Lichty BD, Xing Z. Immunological considerations for COVID-19 vaccine strategies. Nat Rev Immunol 2020;20(10):615-632.

CNN Brasil. Veja quais países iniciaram a vacinação contra a Covid-19; Brasil está fora [Internet]. CNN Brasil; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 22]. Disponível em: https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/24/quais-os-paises-que-ja-comecaram-a-vacinacao-contra-a-covid-19.

G1. Vacinação contra a Covid-19 no Brasil: veja perguntas e respostas [Internet]. G1; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 22]. Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/bemestar/vacina/noticia/2021/01/15/vacinacao-contra-a-covid-19-no-brasil-veja-perguntas-e-respostas.ghtml

Ferrari, M. Governo federal assina contratos com Pfizer e Janssen para vacinas [Internet]. CNN Brasil; c2021 [citado 2021 Mar 19]. Disponível em: https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/03/19/governo-federal-assina-contratos-com-pfizer-e-janssen-para-vacinas.

Downloads

Published

2022-07-04

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 71 (2022): Revista de Atenção à Saúde - RAS

Section

ARTIGOS DE REVISÃO

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Amanda Stéfani Balzan de Oliveira, Daniel Andolfatto, Lucimare Ferraz

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Policy Proposal for Journals offering Free Delayed Access

 

Authors who publish in this magazine agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors maintain the copyright and grant the journal the right to the first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License after publication, allowing the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (eg, publishing in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with the acknowledgment of the authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes, as well as increase impact and citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).