Intervenciones fisioterapéuticas respiratorias en pacientes con afectación post-Covid-19: Una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Fisioterapeuta/Especialista en Fisioterapia Respiratoria por UNIPAC Universidad Rector Antonio Carlos - UNIPAC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7910-232X
  • Renata Ellen Magalhães da Silveira Universidade Presidente Antônio Carlos - UNIPAC https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0699-0036
  • Laila Cristina Moreira Damázio Professora de Anatomia e Neuroanatomia do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São João de-Rei-UFSJ-Campus Dom Bosco, Brasil/Professora do Centro Universitário Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves - Uniptan/Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia Respiratória da Unipac/Barbacena https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7370-8892

Palabras clave:

Rehabilitación, Fisioterapia, Covid

Resumen

Debido a la escasez de estudios sobre rehabilitación pulmonar después de la Enfermedad por Corona Virus-19 (Covid-19) encontrados en la base de datos de salud y, actualmente, muchos casos positivos de la enfermedad en Brasil, fue necesario producir esta revisión sistemática, asumiendo que, tras un periodo de hospitalización, muchos de estos pacientes son portadores de diferentes secuelas, y dependiendo de la situación funcional será necesaria la fisioterapia para restablecer la función a medio y largo plazo. Las encuestas se realizaron entre el 19 de agosto y el 2 de septiembre de 2021, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), en las bases de datos de Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MedLine/PubMed) y Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) en portugués e inglés. Las palabras clave forman parte de la lista de Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCs) y Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Se utilizó la lógica booleana (AND y OR). Se seleccionaron ocho artículos, 03 de estudio clínico, 03 de estudio observacional y 02 de estudio de caso. El manejo clínico en pacientes post-Covid-19 tiene como objetivo mejorar la función pulmonar, la fatiga y la tolerancia al ejercicio. No se recomienda el tratamiento temprano en pacientes críticos para evitar el empeoramiento de la dificultad respiratoria y la propagación del virus. La prueba de caminata de 6 minutos (6MWT) es ampliamente utilizada en la clínica, siendo simple y fácil de usar, evaluando medidas de resistencia al ejercicio antes del inicio de la rehabilitación y la capacidad de ejercicio después del tratamiento. Se concluye que la fisioterapia post-Covid-19 es de suma importancia para prevenir y reducir las secuelas de la enfermedad.

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Biografía del autor/a

Laila Cristina Moreira Damázio, Professora de Anatomia e Neuroanatomia do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São João de-Rei-UFSJ-Campus Dom Bosco, Brasil/Professora do Centro Universitário Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves - Uniptan/Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia Respiratória da Unipac/Barbacena

Dra. Profª. de Anatomia e Neuroanatomia do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São João de-Rei-UFSJ-Campus Dom Bosco, Brasil/Professora do Centro Universitário Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves - Uniptan/Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia Respiratória da Unipac/Barbacena

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Publicado

2022-07-04