A Importância da vitamina B12 para a função neurológica e cognitiva: da gestação à infância

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13037/ras.vol19n69.7841

Palavras-chave:

Vitamina B 12, Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento, Cognição, Gravidez, Aleitamento Materno, Dieta Vegetariana

Resumo

Introdução: A vitamina B12 apresenta importância para o sistema nervoso central, estando envolvida em processos como o desenvolvimento cerebral, mielinização neural e função cognitiva. Objetivo: Examinar as evidências que relacionam a vitamina B12 materna e na infância com o desenvolvimento neurológico e cognitivo. Materiais e métodos: Revisão da literatura dos últimos 60 anos, buscando nas bases SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, MEDLINE e CINAHL. Foram selecionados estudos realizados em humanos do tipo observacional, de coorte, caso-controle e ensaios clínicos, randomizados ou não. Resultados: O status de vitamina B12 materno durante a gravidez e no período da amamentação apresenta influência no status de B12 dos filhos. Durante a infância a deficiência de B12 se correlaciona com falhas no desenvolvimento cerebral e no crescimento, enquanto os dados sobre sua influência em parâmetros cognitivos infantis apresentam resultados conflitantes. Mulheres veganas ou vegetarianas devem garantir uma ingestão adequada de vitamina B12 para fornecer para seu bebê em desenvolvimento uma vez que apresentam maior risco de insuficiência. Conclusões: O status de vitamina B12 materno é um determinante essencial do status de B12 na prole. Ainda é necessário pesquisas para analisar a influência da vitamina B12 na cognição, enquanto seu papel no desenvolvimento cerebral já é bem estabelecido.

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Publicado

2021-10-02 — Atualizado em 2021-10-21

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